This article serves as the Introduction for the collection of nine articles on New Development Bank (NDB) and the BRICS. In addition to highlighting the key contributions of each article in this Special Section, this Introduction briefly discusses the achievements of NDB during its first decade, the evolving research agendas and scholarly debates on NDB, and the subtle shifts in the focus, goals, and agenda of the Bank from its initial establishment to the current period as NDB enters its second decade.